موقع مكتبة المعارف الإسلامية

How to perform Pilgrimage

الناشر: جمعية المعارف الإسلامية الثقافية

تاريخ الإصدار: 2018-03

النسخة: 0

الكاتب

مركز المعارف للتأليف والتحقيق

Introduction

The Spiritual and Moral Aspect

The ceremonies and rituals of pilgrimage, especially getting in the state of ritual consecration [ihram], draws man away from the materialistic things, the external privileges, and the different desires. This introduces man into the world of light and spiritual purity; then he/ she gets rid of the illusive privileges.

On another hand, pilgrimage strengthens man’s spiritual relationship with his Creator, which makes him/ her dispatches from his/ her dark past and connects to the shining future. As is ascribed to Imam Al-Sadik (God’s peace bestowed upon him), the pilgrim who performs the rituals completely and correctly "comes out of his sins as he was on the day his mother gave birth to him".

The Political Aspect

Pilgrimage is an effective factor in the unity of the Muslims and in the delete of the national and geographical differences, so that they will unite, share each others’ worries, and transmit each others’ news. From here, pilgrimage serves as a basis for the Muslims’ points of power and as an important cause for putting an end to the enemies’ tyranny over them. It is ascribed to The Prince of the Believers Imam Ali ibn Abi Taleb (God’s peace bestowed upon him) that he said, "Pilgrimage is a strengthening of the religion."

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Imam Al-Khomeini (May his secret be sacred) said, "This exalted House was made for people and for their comprehensive rise and also in order that they will witness things that are of a benefit for them. What benefit is of more greatness and elevation than cutting the hands of the tyrants around the world and putting an end to their tyranny over the great countries."

The Cultural Aspect

The Muslims’ meeting during the pilgrimage days plays an effective role in the cultural construction and the spread of guidance among each other. As regards the legislation of pilgrimage, it is ascribed to Imam Al-Reda (God’s peace bestowed upon him) that he said, "With the jurisprudence and the transmittance of the Imams’ (God’s peace bestowed upon them) news to everywhere which it [pilgrimage] involves, guidance spreads among the people."

Hisham ibn Al-Hakam relates that Imam Al-Sadik (God’s peace bestowed upon him) said about the philosophy of pilgrimage and circumambulation, "…He made the meeting during it from the east and the west, so that they [the people] will get acquainted with each other and so that the imprints and news of God’s prophet (God’s prayers and peace bestowed upon him and his Household) will be known and that he will be remembered and never forgotten."

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The Economical Aspect

Pilgrimage can be benefited of through strengthening the bases of the economics in the Islamic countries; then, they agree on a common economics and increase their commercial exchange which makes their incomes go bah to them and also frees them from dependency on others.

It is related that when Imam Al-Sadik (God’s peace bestowed upon him) was asked about the word "benefits" whether it is meant to be the benefits of this life or the benefits of the hereafter, he (God’s peace bestowed upon him) answered, "It is all." It is also ascribed to him that he (God’s peace bestowed upon him) said, "When man ends being in the state of ritual consecration, then let him buy and sell in the market."

Pilgrimage, therefore, is s great worship which if we make use of all its aspects, it will serve as a key for solving all the Muslims’ problems and crises. It is ascribed to Imam Al-Sadik (God’s peace bestowed upon him) that he said, "The religion is still present as long as Al-Kaaba is present."

Yet, in order to benefit of the significations of this worship, it must be performed in accordance to the correct jurisprudential rules which we must learn as an introduction to forge our conduct in accordance to them.

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Imitation

The easiest way that most Muslims follow is imitation that must be harmonious with the rational career which makes it a must to refer to those specialized and experienced in the fields we have no acquaintance with. Then, you start imitating the still living reference who meets the other conditions related to faith, jurisprudence, and justice; therefore, your deeds must be conforming to his jurisprudential opinion.

When the jurisprudential scholars differ, as it is usual, in their opinions, refer to the one who is the most knowing in the doctrine, who is the most capable of applying the rules of the doctrine in the appropriate conditions, and who comprehends, as much as it is requisite, life and its affairs.

In brief, the imitator must imitate, as it is cautious and as the famous jurisprudents believe, the one who is the most knowing among the jurisprudents.

How Is the Most Knowing One Recognized?

The most knowing one is recognized by several ways: the testimonies of two just jurisprudents who are eligible and noble and thus capable of the objective evaluation; any reason that makes the imitator be sure that this or

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that jurisprudent is the most knowing, such as: the imitator’s being one of the scholars and thus being persuaded that someone is the most knowing, or if it is widespread among the scholars of the nation that someone is the most knowing which makes the imitator get persuaded of this for sure.

Who Is the Most Knowing One in This Time?

The Most High God bestowed upon the Islamic nation many noble jurisprudents who are characterized by important jurisprudential traits. Several testimonies, by well- known just jurisprudents, have been presented concerning the most knowingness of His Eminence The Religious Reference The Leader of the Islamic Nation The Greatest Sign of God Sayyed Ali Al-Housseini Al-Khaminaei (May God lengthen his presence among us). Here we mention some of these testimonies.

The Testimony of The Sign of God Sayyed Jaafar Al-Housseini Al-Karimi* by the Most Knowingness of The Leader

In the Name of God, The Most Beneficent, The Most Merciful

Throughout years, I have been sitting to The Sayyed The Leader and

* A member in The Teachers’ University/ A teacher of the high studies in Sacred Kom/ A member in The Council of the Consultation of Giving the Religious opinion in the bureau of Imam Al-Khaminaei/ He attended for 24 years the studies of Sayyed Al-Khouei (May God be pleased with him) and for 14 years the studies of Imam Al-Khomeini (May his secret be sacred)

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participating in the session of the consultation of giving the religious opinion in the presence of His Eminence in addition to the well- known great jurisprudents. And I have found out that The Sayyed The Leader (May God lengthen his presence among us) is more accurate and more fast moving and better deducing of the branches from the origins than are the other great references (May The Most High God protect them). If this is, and it is so, the standard of the most knowingness, then I have realized this standard in the discussions of The Sayyed The Leader (May God lengthen his presence among us). From here, I testify and acknowledge that he (May God lengthen his presence among us) is the most knowing among his contemporary peers. May The Most High God benefit us and you by his leadership, knowledge, and instructions.

The Testimony of The Sign of God Sheikh Ahmad Janti* by the Most Knowingness of The Leader

In the Name of God, The Most Beneficent, The Most Merciful

The standard of the most knowingness, according to my point of view, is that the jurisprudent be the most capable one of deducing the rules from its religious origins and proofs along with considering the time, place, and

* chief of the Maintenance of Constitution in the Islamic Republic/ The Temporary Friday Imam of Tehran

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conditions. And I know no one among the candidates to the post of reference nowadays who is better and more capable than The Sayyed The Leader (May God lengthen his presence among us) is.

The Testimony of The Sign of God Sheikh Mohammad Yazdi* by the Most Knowingness of The Leader

In the Name of God, The Most Beneficent, The Most Merciful

Amid the current disagreement among the great jurisprudents on the meaning of the most knowingness and on the how of accomplishing it, I believe that The Sign of God Al-Khaminaei (May God lengthen his presence among us) is the most knowing and the most capable as regards the lores, the requisite issues for imitation, and carrying out the responsibilities of the post of reference of the Islamic nation. From here, you can imitate him in all the necessary affairs.

The Testimony of The Sign of God Sheikh Mohammad Ali Al-Taskhiri* by the Most Knowingness of The Leader

In the Name of God, The Most Beneficent, The Most Merciful

Some believing brothers asked me to frankly express my opinion

*A member of The Council of the Experts

* A member of The Teachers’ University

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concerning the imitation of my noble sir The Leader of the Believers and the Muslims’ Authority His Eminence Sayyed Ali Al-Khaminaei (May God lengthen his presence among us). Having been acquainted with his prolific knowledge, his right opinion in the various fields of the Islamic doctrine, and his visions as regards the individual and the society, I acknowledge his being the most knowing one. According to me, therefore, he (May The Most High God protect him) must be imitated. And God is witness on this.

Dear noble pilgrim,

Here we present between your hands this book How To Perform Pilgrimage? in accordance to the religious opinions of The Greatest Sign of God Imam Al-Khaminaei (May God lengthen his presence among us) in a new style which is easily accessible, and we used the easy scientific terms and the illustrative pictures, thus asking The Most Capable The Most Reverent Lord that it be well accepted.

Praise be to God, The Lord Of All The Worlds

Al-Maaref Islamic Cultural Association

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Introduction

﴾And proclaim for mankind the pilgrimage. They will come to you on foot and on every lean camel; they will come from every deep and distant mountain highway * That they may witness things that are of a benefit for them and glorify the name of God on appointed days over the beast of cattle that He has provided for them. Then eat thereof and feed therewith the poor who have a very hard time﴿

Al-Hajj

[The Pilgrimage] Chapter

Verse 27-28

God legislated pilgrimage for the sake of accomplishing the Muslims’ benefits and interests in their individual and social existence. This is so because of the various aspects implied in this worship, among which the following are prominent:

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How To Perform Pilgrimage?

How To Perform Pilgrimage?

Kinds of Pilgrimage

1- The Pleasure [Tamattoa’] Pilgrimage: It is the duty of the one whose home is about 90 km far away from Blessed Makka.

2- The Connection [Kiran] Pilgrimage

3- The Seclusion [Ifrad] Pilgrimage

2 and 3 are the duties of the one whose home is in Blessed Makka or is less far than the above mentioned distance.

The Pleasure Pilgrimage

If you are doctrinally capable of pilgrimage and if your home is about 90 km far away from Blessed Makka, then your duty is the pleasure pilgrimage which is made up of two parts:

1- The Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage [Omra]

2- The Pleasure Pilgrimage

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The Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The Deeds of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

1- Getting in the State of Ritual Consecration

2- Circumambulating

3- The Circumambulation Prayer

4- Moving between Al-Safa and AL-Marwa

5- Shortening

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The Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Time of Performing the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Perform it during the period extending from Shawwal 1st till before the noon of Thou Al-Houjja 9th, so that you will finish its deeds and be able to:

- get in the state of ritual consecration for the pleasure pilgrimage

- be present in Arafat at the noon of Thou Al-Houjja 9th

Place of Performing the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Getting in the state of ritual consecration takes place in one of the five places of ihram:

1- The Tree Mosque

2- Al-Johafa

3- Wadi Al-Akeek

4- Yalamlam

5- Karn Al-Manazel

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The Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

- Circumambulating and Praying in The Sacred Mosque

- Moving between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa

- Shortening

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Getting in the State of Ritual Consecration [ihram]

Get in the state of ritual consecration from one of the five places of ihram. The Lebanese pilgrims have been used to get in the state of ritual consecration from one of two places:

1- The Tree Mosque which is about eight km far away from Al-Madina Al-Mounawara

2- Al-Johafa, whether from inside or outside the mosque

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The How of Getting in the State of Ritual Consecration for the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Upon arriving at one of the places of ihram:

1- Wear the two cloths of ihram which are not sewn, with the intention to get close to The Most High God. As regards the women, they can get in the state of ritual consecration in their ordinary clothes. All the conditions applied on the clothes of the prayer are applied on the clothes of getting in the state of ritual consecration (for both men and women).

2- Intend to perform the minor pilgrimage and get in the state of ritual consecration for it. If you are performing pilgrimage on your own behalf for the first time as a duty, then intend by saying, "I get in the state of ritual consecration for the pleasure minor pilgrimage from the pleasure pilgrimage from Islam pilgrimage on my own behalf as a duty for the sake of getting close to The Most High God." (It is not a must to utter the intention.)

3- Respond to God’s call by saying, "I am at Your Service. O my God, I am at Your Service. I am at Your Service. There is no partner to You. I am at Your Service." It is a desirable caution to add, "Praise, grace, and kingdom are to You. There is no partner to You. I am at Your Service."

At this, you become in the state of ritual consecration. Ten, certain things become forbidden to you; they are called "Ihram Forbiddances".

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

What Are the Ihram Forbiddances?

They are three parts.

Common Forbiddances between Men and Women

1- Hunting the wild animal

2- Sexual enjoyment (intercourse, masturbation, looking desirously, touching desirously)

3- Holding a marriage contract for its own sake or for any other cause

4- Perfuming (use of perfume)

Then, it is forbidden to perfume:

- the body

- the cloth

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

And it is forbidden:

- to wear a cloth with perfume on it

- to eat what has perfume in it, such as: saffron

- as a desirable caution to smell the flowers or the sweet smelling vegetables and fruits

5- to use an eyeliner if it is considered as an ornament

N.B:

There is no difference between the black color and the other colors in the forbiddance of the usage of the eyeliner that is considered as an ornament.

6- Looking in the mirror with the intention of ornamenting

It is permissible to look in:

- the glossy bodies which reflect the picture

- the pure water

7- Dissipation (lying/ abusing/ boasting)

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

8- Argumentation i.e. saying, "By God, No. By God, Yes" whether the one arguing is honest or lying

It is permissible to argue for necessity.

9- Killing the pests of the body (the lice and the like)

10- Ornamenting (putting on the ring or the eyeglasses with the intention of ornamenting/ using the henna)

It is forbidden to use the henna for the sake of ornamenting. It is also cautious that it is forbidden to be used even if it is not for the sake of ornamenting yet it looks like ornament.

- It is permissible to use the henna before getting in the state of ritual consecration.

- It is permissible to wear the ring for the sake of gaining reward from God and not for the sake of ornamenting.

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

11- Anointing the body

It is permissible to anoint the body:

- before getting in the state of ritual consecration under the condition that its smell does not last till after it

- in the case of necessity

It is permissible to eat the non perfumed grease while it is forbidden to eat the perfumed one.

12- Removing the hair from the head or the body, whether by shaving or all the ways of hair removal even by the limestone mixed with arsenic

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The one in the state of ritual consecration is forbidden to remove the hair, whether it is a lot or a few:

- from the body

- from the others’ body even if not being in the state of ritual consecration

There is no problem with the falling of the hair during the ablution or the washing without the intention of removal.

13- Taking blood out of the body

It is forbidden to take the blood out of the body whether by:

- the medical injection

- rubbing

- cleaning stick for tooth [Souwak]

- any other way

It is permissible to take out the blood from the body for necessity, such as: diagnosis of disease.

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

14- Clipping the fingernails

There is no difference as regards the forbiddance of clipping or cutting the fingernails:

- between the fingernails of the hand or those of the foot

- between the scissor, knife, or clipper

15- Plucking out the tooth with bloodening

It is permissible to pluck out the tooth when it is necessary.

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

16- Plucking out the trees and the grass growing in the Sanctuary

As regards the forbiddance of plucking out the trees and the grass growing in the Sanctuary, it is excluded:

- the tree or the grass planted by the pilgrim himself

- the palm and fruit trees

- a plant called lemon grass [athkhir] which is characterized by thin branches and small leaves

- the plant cut due to the common walking

17- Carrying weapons

Forbiddances Related to Men Only

1- Wearing what is sewn

It is forbidden to wear:

- the buttoned clothes whose buttons are linked

- the sewn shirt

- the sewn underwear

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

It is permissible to wear:

- the hamayan i.e. the belt that is tightened on the middle of the man and that is designed to carry and protect the money

- the sewn clothes when it is necessary, yet there is a penance that must be paid

- what is needed, such as: the artificial hand that is connected to sewn belts, and the like

2- Wearing what covers the surface of the foot

The one in the state of ritual consecration is forbidden to wear sockets.

The one in the state of ritual consecration may wear something that covers some of the surface of the foot and not all of it.

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

3- Covering all the head customarily

The one in the state of ritual consecration is forbidden to:

- put the head completely in the water

- cover a part of the head by wearing a hat

The one in the state of ritual consecration is permitted to:

- cover his head with his hand

- come under the mosquito net

- stand under the washing shower

- cover his face

- cover the head with the towel under the condition that it doe not require covering the whole head

- use the head bandage for headache

4- Shading over the head throughout the distance during the day

The one in the state of ritual consecration is, as a dutiful caution, forbidden to shade himself with the moving shade, such as: the roofed car or the umbrella:

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

- after arriving to Makka and before carrying out the rituals of the minor pilgrimage

- after getting in the state of ritual consecration of the pilgrimage in the case of walking from Arafat to Al-Mouzdalifa and from Al-Mouzdalifa to Mouna

- in the case of walking inside Arafat and Mouna

- coming under the shade in the rainy and cold nights

The one in the state of ritual consecration is permitted to shade:

- by putting his hand over his head

- by what comes to be over the head, such as walking beside the bus or the wall

- by the bridge throughout walking and covering the distance during the day

- by the gas stations during the stops

- during covering the distances and walking in the non rainy or cold nights

Forbiddances Related to Women Only

1- Covering the face with a veil or a yashmak (a piece of cloth with which the woman covers her face) and the like

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The First Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The woman in the state of ritual consecration is permitted to:

- put her face on the pillow during sleeping

- put her hand on her face

- cover some of the face under the condition that it does not require covering it all

- let the aba or the cloth down over her face in order to cover it from the marriageable men

- use the mask

2- Putting on the jewels which are ornaments if she does not intend to wear them for the sake of ornamenting

The woman in the state of ritual consecration is permitted to put on the jewels she used to wear before getting in the state of ritual consecration, yet she is forbidden to show them for others even her husband.

N.B:

The deeds of pilgrimage are followed by an illustrative appendix about the forbiddances while being in the state of ritual consecration. (Refer to Page 53)

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The Second Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The Second Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Circumambulation

Enter The Sacred Mosque in the state of ritual consecration and circumambulate.

The How of Circumambulation

1- Stand beside The Black Stone, whether near to it or far away from it, taking in consideration that Al-Kaaba be to your left, so that you will not give Al-Kaaba your front or back.

2- If you are performing pilgrimage on your own behalf

for the first time as a duty, then intend by saying, "I circumambulate around Al-Kaaba for the pleasure minor pilgrimage from the pleasure pilgrimage from Islam pilgrimage on my own behalf as a duty in order to get close to The Most High God." (It is not a must to utter the intention)

3- Circumambulate seven times (rounds) around The Noble Kaaba,

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The Second Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

starting and ending each round with The Black Stone and taking in consideration that The Noble Kaaba be to your left during circumambulation.

Conditions of Circumambulation

During circumambulation, consider the following conditions:

1- Purity from the great and little ritual impurity*: For circumambulation is not accepted from the one still in ritual impurity due to sexual intercourse, the woman in menstruation, or the one who have produced an excrement. And here, there is no difference among the one acquainted with the rule, ignorant of it, or having forgotten it.

2- Purity of the body and the cloth

3- Covering the private parts [awra] as indicated in the duty of praying

4- The circumambulator, whether a man or a boy, must be circumcised.

5- Performing the rounds of the circumambulation consecutively i.e. not to separate them in a way that makes it seem more than one circumambulation

6- The circumambulation must be outside Ismael’s (God’s peace bestowed upon him) Stony Area.

7- Not walking on the basis of Al-Kaaba [Shathoran]

*The great ritual impurity is the one that requires a whole washing.

* The little ritual impurity is the one that requires ablution.

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The Third Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The Third Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The Circumambulation Prayer

After circumambulation, perform the two bows of circumambulation. If you are performing the pilgrimage on your own behalf for the first time as a duty, intend by saying, "I perform the prayer of the circumambulation of the pleasure minor pilgrimage from the pleasure pilgrimage from Islam pilgrimage on my own behalf as a duty in order to get close to The Most High God."

The How of the Circumambulation Prayer

It is made up of two bows as is the case with the morning prayer. It is permissible to lower or raise the voice during it, and it has no call for prayer nor setting up for it.

The Place of the Circumambulation Prayer

Perform it behind Ibrahim’s (God’s peace bestowed upon him) Shrine and close to it without crowding with the others. If you could not do this, perform it behind the shrine even if far away from it. Even more, if you could not do this, perform it anywhere in The Sacred Mosque.

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The Fourth Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The Fourth Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Moving between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa (They are adjacent to the Sacred Mosque)

Have seven rounds between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa for the pleasure minor pilgrimage.

The How of circumambulating between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa

If you are performing pilgrimage on your on behalf for the first time as a duty, intend by saying, "I move seven times between Al-ZSafa and Al-Marwa from the pleasure minor pilgrimage from the pleasure pilgrimage from Islam pilgrimage on my own as a duty in order to get close to the Most High God".

Start your moving from Al-Safa and end in Al-Marwa; with this, you will have accomplished one round. Then go back to Al-Safa, thus accomplishing another round. Continue in this manner till you accomplish seven rounds, thus ending in Al-Marwa.

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The last Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

The last Deed of the Pleasure Minor Pilgrimage

Shortening

Having finished moving between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa, cut a little from the fingernail, the hair of the head, the beard, or the moustache.

Place of Shortening

It has no specific place; it can be performed in Al-Marwa or anywhere in Sacred Makka.

N.B:

After shortening, everything that was forbidden during the state of ritual consecration becomes permissible.

It is forbidden to shave the head before the slaughtering of the offering on the day of the Great Bairam.

The women’s circumambulation is not dutiful during the pleasure minor pilgrimage, and it becomes permissible after doing with the pleasure minor pilgrimage (i.e. after shortening) and before starting with the deeds of pilgrimage.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

1- Getting in the State of Ritual Consecration

2- Standing in Arafat

3- Standing in Sacred Mash’ar

4- Hitting Al-Akaba Stone in Mouna

5- Slaughtering the Offering

6- Shaving or Shortening

7- Pilgrimage Circumambulation

8- The Prayer of the Pilgrimage Circumambulation

9- Moving between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa

10- The Women’s Circumambulation

11- The Prayer of the Women’s Circumambulation

12- Overnight Stay in Mouna

13- Hitting the Three Stones

The deeds end with leaving Mouna.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The First Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Getting in the State of Ritual Consecration

Get in the state of ritual consecration before the noon of thou Al-Houjja 9th, so that you will be able to catch up with the dutiful standing in Arafat.

Place of Getting in the State of Ritual Consecration

It is Blessed Makka, and it is desirable to get in the state of ritual consecration at Ismael’s (God’s peace bestowed upon him) Stony Area or at Ibrahim’s (God’s peace bestowed upon him) Shrine.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The How of Getting in the State of Ritual Consecration

It resembles that of pleasure minor pilgrimage yet differs in the intention: You get in the state of ritual consecration with the intention of performing pleasure pilgrimage in order to get close to The Most High God.

After getting in the state of ritual consecration, all ihram forbiddances (previously mentioned in minor pilgrimage ihram) become forbidden.

N.B:

It is desirable to get in the state of ritual consecration for pleasure pilgrimage on Thou Al-Houjja 8th. This helps you to catch up with standing in Arafat, especially that the pilgrims are so many and the road is overcrowded.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Second Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Standing in Arafat

Go, being in the state of ritual consecration, to Arafat in order to stay there:

- since the noon of Thou Al-Houjja 9th till its sunset

- with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Third Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Standing in Sacred Mash’ar (Al-Mouzdalifa)

Get down from Arafat after the sunset of Thou Al-Houjja 9th (the night of the Great Bairam), and got to Sacred Mash’ar to stay there:

- since the dawn of Thou Al-Houjja 10th till its sunrise

- with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

N.B:

It is cautious to stay in Sacred Mash’ar when arriving there at night.

It is desirable to gather in Mouna the pebbles special for hitting the stones.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Fourth Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The First Deed of the Day of the Great Bairam

Hitting Al-Akaba Stone in Mouna

After the sunrise of Thou Al-Houjja 10th (Great Bairam),

- Leave Sacred Mash’ar

- Move towards Mouna to perform the deeds of the day of the Great Bairam

After arriving at Mouna, hit by your hand Al-Akaba Stone (The Great Stone/ The Greatest Devil) with seven pebbles.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Consider the following conditions:

Hitting the pebbles must be:

- between the sunrise and the sunset of the day of the Great Bairam

- with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

- with what is considered a pebble (small stone): It is not permissible to use a big stone or scraps that are not considered as pebbles.

- with pebbles: *from the Sanctuary

* not extorted

* not used previously for

hitting

- hitting Al-Akaba Stone, and consecutively and

not at one time

N.B:

Al-Akaba Stone is a column located in the middle of a long oval wall. So when throwing the pebbles, try to hit its middle. If you could not do so, hit the closet point to the middle. If you could not do so also, be satisfied with hitting the wall.

The women, as well as the weak (the old people, the boys) who fear for themselves due to the intense overcrowd) are permitted to hit Al-Akaba Stone in the night of the Great Bairam.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Fifth Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Second Deed of the Day of the Great Bairam

Slaughtering the Offering

After hitting Al-Akaba Stone on the day of the Great Bairam, slaughter the offering (camels, sheep, or cows) with the intention of getting close to The Most High God. Or assign the slaughtering to a believer.

Consider in the offering the following conditions:

1- The age: The camel must have started the sixth year of age, the cows and goats the third year as a caution, and the sheep the second year as a caution.

2- The good health of the offering (i.e. not sick)

3- Having all its organs: The offering is not accepted:

- if its ear or tail is cut

- if it is castrated

- if it is clearly blind or lame

- if its internal horn is broken

- if it is skinny

N.B:

It is cautious not to delay the slaughtering of the offering till the day of the Great Bairam.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Sixth Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Third Deed of the Day of the Great Bairam

Shaving or Shortening after Slaughtering the Offering

-Shave the hair of your head with the razor or shorten it (details will be presented later).

-Cut a part of your hair or fingernail (according to your doctrinal duty).

- with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

Place of Shaving or Shortening

It is Mouna.

Time of Shaving or Shortening

It is, as a caution, on the day of the Great Bairam after slaughtering the offering.

N.B:

Having accomplished the deeds of the day of the Great Bairam, everything that was forbidden during the state of ritual consecration becomes permissible, except women and perfume.

The man performing pilgrimage on his own behalf for the first time

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

as a duty must, as a caution, shave.

The others are given the choice between shaving and shortening. As regards the woman, she must shorten.

After performing the deeds of the day of the Great Bairam, you are given the choice between:

- going to Sacred Makka to perform its deeds

- staying overnight in Mouna on Thou Al-Houjja 11th and 12th and hitting the stones during these two days

Deeds of Blessed Makka

If you choose to go to Blessed Makka to perform its five deeds, you have to go to The Sacred Mosque and then:

The Seventh Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

1- Circumambulate seven times around the Noble Kaaba. This circumambulation resembles that of minor pilgrimage yet differs in the intention, so intend "the circumambulation of pleasure pilgrimage in order to get close to The Most High God".

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Eight Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

2- Pray the circumambulation two bows. This prayer is like that of minor pilgrimage circumambulation yet differs in the intention, so intend "the prayer of the circumambulation of the pleasure pilgrimage in order to get close to The Most High God".

The Ninth Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

3- Move between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa. This moving resembles that of the minor pilgrimage yet differs in the intention, so intend "the moving between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa of the pleasure pilgrimage in order to get close to The Most High God".

The Tenth Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

4- Perform the women’s circumambulation. Women’s circumambulation resembles exactly that of the minor pilgrimage or the pilgrimage, yet the pilgrim here, whether a man or a woman, intends to perform the women’s circumambulation in order to get close to The Most High God.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Eleventh Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

5- Pray the two bows of women’s circumambulation. They resemble exactly those of the minor pilgrimage, yet the pilgrim, whether a man or a woman, intends to perform the prayer of the women’s circumambulation in order to get close to The Most High God. Then, women become permissible.

The Twelfth Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Staying Overnight in Mouna on Thou Al-Houjja 11th and 12th

After performing the deeds of Blessed Makka, you have to go back to Mouna to stay there:

- either since the sunset of the night of Thou Al-Houjja 11th till its midnight with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

- or since the midnight till the dawn of the night of Thou Al-Houjja 11th with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

The Thirteenth Deed of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Hitting the Three Stones on 11th and 12th

After staying overnight 11th and on the day of 11th:

- Hit by your hand The First Stone (The Little Stone)

*with seven pebbles

*with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

*consider the same conditions mentioned in hitting Al-Akaba Stone on the day of the Great Bairam

- Then hit by your hand The Middle Stone and then Al-Akaba Stone (The Great Stone):

*each stone with seven pebbles

*with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

*consider the same conditions of hitting Al-Akaba Stone

Time of Hitting the Stones

It is between the sunrise and the sunset.

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

Then continue your staying in Mouna the night of Thou Al-Houjja 12th. You are given the choice in staying there between:

- either since the sunset of the night of Thou Al-Houjja 12th till its midnight with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

- or since the midnight till the dawn of Thou Al-Houjja 12th with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

After staying overnight Thou Al-Houjja 12th and its day:

- hit The Three Stones: the first (The Little Stone), the middle, and Al-Akaba (The Great Stone)

*with the intention of getting close to The Most High God

*successively and in order

*taking in consideration the same conditions of hitting Al-Akaba Stone

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Deeds of the Pleasure Pilgrimage

At the noon of Thou Al-Houjja 12th after hitting the stones, leave Mouna.

By this, the rituals of the pleasure pilgrimage are completed.

If you choose, after performing the deeds of the day of the Great Bairam, to stay in Mouna and not to go to Blessed Makka, you can stay there the nights of Thou Al-Houjja 11th and 12th, hit the stones during their days (the details of overnight staying and stone hitting are previously mentioned), and move towards Blessed Makka to The Sacred Mosque in order to perform the five deeds of Blessed Makka (previously illustrated). By this, you complete the rituals of the pleasure pilgrimage.

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Appendix

Appendix

About the Forbiddances during

Being in the State of Ritual Consecration

The forbiddances during being in the state of ritual consecration are divided, according to the approach followed, into two parts.

Part One

This part is based on whether the forbiddances are common or not between men and women; they are divided into:

a- common forbiddances between men and women

b- forbiddances related to men only

c- forbiddances related to women only

Part Two

This part is based on whether doing the forbiddances requires a penance or not; they are divided into:

a- forbiddances which doing them requires a penance

b- forbiddances which doing them does not require a penance

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Appendix

Part One: It includes three divisions.

A- Common Forbiddances between Men and Women

1	Hunting the wild animal, including locusts
2	Sexual enjoyment (intercourse, masturbation, looking desirously, touching desirously)
3	Holding a marriage contract for its own or for any other cause
4	Perfuming (use of perfume)
5	Using an eyeliner
6	Looking in the mirror with the intention of ornamenting
7	Dissipation (lying/ abusing/ boasting)
8	Argumentation i.e. saying, “By God, No. By God, Yes” whether the one arguing is honest or lying
9	Killing the pests of the body (the lice, mosquitoes, and the like)
10	Ornamenting (putting on the ring or the eyeglasses with the intention of ornamenting/ using the henna)
11	Anointing the body
12	Removing the hair from the head or the body
13	Taking blood out of the body
14	Clipping the fingernails
15	Plucking out the tooth
16	Plucking out the trees and grass growing in the Sanctuary
17	Carrying weapons

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Appendix

B- Forbiddances Related to Men Only

1	Wearing what is sewn
2	Wearing what covers the surface of the foot
3	Covering the whole of the head
4	Shading over the head throughout covering the distance during the day

C- Forbiddances Related to Women Only

1	Covering the face with a veil or a yashmak (a piece of cloth with which the woman covers her face) and the like
2	Putting on the jewels which are ornaments even if she does not intend to wear them for the sake of ornamenting

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Appendix

Part Two: It includes two divisions.

A- Forbiddances Which Doing Them Requires a Penance

	The Deed Requiring a Penance	The Penance
1	Sexual intercourse during the minor pilgrimage	One camel*
2	Sexual intercourse during the pilgrimage	One camel
3	Kissing the wife desirously	One camel
4	Kissing the wife without desire	One sheep
5	Touching a woman desirously	One sheep
6	Masturbation	One camel if being able to provide for; if not, then one sheep
7	Men’s wearing of what is sewn even if it is necessary	One sheep for each cloth
8	Shaving the head	One sheep
9	Men’s covering of the head	One sheep as a dutiful caution
10	Forbidden shading by men	One sheep
11	Using perfumes	One sheep as a dutiful caution
12	Clipping the fingernails of the feet or the one foot	One sheep
13	Clipping the fingernails of the hands or the one hand	One sheep
14	Clipping one or more fingernails of the hand or the foot	Three- quarter of a kilo of food for each fingernail

*It is meant by the camel the one which is five years old and has started the sixth year, as is ascribed to some researchers

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Appendix

15	Clipping the fingernails of the hands and the feet all at once	One sheep
16	Argumenting honestly thrice and more	One sheep
17	Argumenting lyingly once or twice	One sheep
18	Argumening lyingly thrice	One cow
19	Cutting a tree which it is forbidden to be cut	One cow as a dutiful caution

N.B:

There is no penance to be paid for doing the forbiddances due to forgetting, inattention, or ignorance. The penance must be paid when the forbidden deed is done intentionally, excluding hunting the penance of which must be paid whatever.

B- Forbiddances Which Doing Them Does Not Require a Penance

1- Using an eyeliner

2- Cutting the grass and the herbs in the Sanctuary

3- Looking in the mirror

4- Wearing what covers the surface of the foot

5- Dissipation

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Appendix

6- Argumenting: the honest swear at least thrice requires asking forgiveness from God

7- Killing the pests of the body (the lice and the like)

8- Putting on the ring

9- Using the henna

10- Putting on jewels

11- Anointing the body

12- Women’s covering of the face

13- Taking blood out of the body

14- Plucking out the plant of the Sanctuary

15- Plucking out the tooth

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